Genomic and Proteomic Analyses Indicate that Banchine and Campoplegine Polydnaviruses Have Similar, if Not Identical, Viral Ancestors

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Genomic and Proteomic Analyses Indicate that Banchine and Campoplegine Polydnaviruses Have Similar, if Not Identical, Viral Ancestors.

UNLABELLED Polydnaviruses form a group of unconventional double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) viruses transmitted by endoparasitic wasps during egg laying into caterpillar hosts, where viral gene expression is essential to immature wasp survival. A copy of the viral genome is present in wasp chromosomes, thus ensuring vertical transmission. Polydnaviruses comprise two taxa, Bracovirus and Ichnovirus, sh...

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Genomic and Proteomic Analyses

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Mutualistic Polydnaviruses Share Essential Replication Gene Functions with Pathogenic Ancestors

Viruses are usually thought to form parasitic associations with hosts, but all members of the family Polydnaviridae are obligate mutualists of insects called parasitoid wasps. Phylogenetic data founded on sequence comparisons of viral genes indicate that polydnaviruses in the genus Bracovirus (BV) are closely related to pathogenic nudiviruses and baculoviruses. However, pronounced differences i...

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Presently, we have a large number of botulinum neuro-toxins (BoNTs) at our disposal, but in the western hemisphere these are limited almost exclusively to the botulinum toxin A preparations: Abo-(ABO), inco-(INCO), and onabotulinumtoxinA (ONA). Because these are biological preparations, they are never identical to each other, but they are, at most, similar to each other. Their efficacy has been...

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ژورنال

عنوان ژورنال: Journal of Virology

سال: 2015

ISSN: 0022-538X,1098-5514

DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01001-15